Amruteshvara Temple

Amruteshvara Temple

The Amruteshvara temple is located in the village of Amruthapura, 67 km north of Chikmagalur town in the Chikkamagaluru district of the Karnataka state, India. The temple was built in 1196 C.E. by Amrutheshwara Dandanayaka (“commander”) under Hoysala King Veera Ballala II. He caused the Amrutesvara temple to be constructed and set up a Brahmapuri of 24 Brahman families around the temple.
Amruthapura is also famous for a stone stele engraved with an inscription composed by the celebrated thirteenth century Kannada poet Janna. Janna was a court poet of the Hoysala king Ballala II and earned the title of โ€˜kavichakravartiโ€™.

The temple consists of a garbha-grha (sanctum), sukanasi (vestibule), navaranga (dance hall) with a porch on its southern side and mukha-mandapa (main hall) with entrances on its three sides.

Amruteshvara Temple
Amruteshvara Temple

The temple is a built according to Hoysala architecture with a wide open mantapa (hall). The temple has an original outer wall with unique equally spaced circular carvings. The temple has one vimana (shrine and tower) and therefore is a ekakuta design, and has a closed mantapa (hall) that connects the sanctum to the large open mantapa.

Amruteshvara Temple- Ekakuta Design
Ekakuta Design One Shrine Tower
Enterance of Temple
Enterance of Temple

The open mantapa has twenty nine bays, and the closed mantapa has nine bays with a side porch that leads to a separate shrine on the south side. The shrine is square in shape has the original superstructure (shikhara) which is seven story structure adorned with sculptures of Kirtimukhas (demon faces), miniature decorative towers (aedicule). In each of these kirtimukhas are placed a form of Rudra.

 Kirtimukhas
Seven Storied Kirtimukhas


On the front Kirtimukha over this sukanasi has a fine image of Shiva as Gaja Sanhara with sixteen hands and dancing over a head of an elephant. Accompanying him are Brahma, Vishnu, Nandi & Ganesha.

Elephent Head
Elephent and Shiva

The lintel of the sukanasi carries an image of dancing Shiva accompanied with Brahma and Vishnu. Inside the sanctum is a Shiva-linga. To the south of the main temple, at right angle, is a Saraswati Temple.

The base of the wall has five mouldings. The sukanasi, the tower on top of the vestibule that connects the sanctum to the closed mantapa has the original Hoysala emblem of “Sala” fighting the lion.

Sala Fighting Lion Emblem
Hoysala Emblem – Sala Fighting Lion Emblem


A door leads visitor to dancing hall(navaranga). The door is guarded by two guards (dvarpalas) on either side. The hall navaranga is divided into nine bays of equal size. It has thirty ceilings in overall and each has a dome exhibiting different designs. The mantapa has many deeply domed inner ceiling structures adorned with floral designs.

Dome Ceiling
Dome Ceiling Flower Architecture
Dome Ceiling
Dome Inner Ceiling Architecture
Dome Ceiling Amruteshvara Temple
Dome Ceiling Inner Architecture

The central ceiling has two panels at its base, the lower row has Ganesha, Shiva, Kartikeya, Venugopala and Brahma. The upper panel has ashta-dikpalas on their respective locations. In the navaranga are placed statues of God Ganesha & Kartikeya (Son of God Shiva), Saptamatrikas, Naga Devta Couple Idol, God Veerabhadra, Lord Vishnu and God Adi Shiva.

Pillars and Nandi
Nandi and ShivaLinga
Naga Deva Couple Idol
Naga Deva Couple Idol
God Brahma
God Brahma
VenuGopala
God VenuGopala Or Krishna
VeerBhadra
God VeerBhadra

The outer parapet wall of the open mantapa has a total of hundred and forty panel sculptures with depictions from the Hindu epics.

Wall
Wall Architecture
Outer Wall
Outer Wall Architecture
Wall Architecture
Wall Sculptures

The Ramayana is sculpted on the south side wall on seventy panels. The story starts with the Putrakameshti yagya of Dasharatha and ends with Sitaโ€™s reunion with Rama and Lakshmana.

Putrakameshti Yagya
Putrakameshti Yagya – King Dashratha performing a ritual for seeking blessings from god to get son.
Rama Strength Presentation
God Rama ‘s Strength Presentation
Rama Setu Building
Rama Setu Creation
Ravana Maya
Ravana’s Maya Creation- Showing false heads of Rama and Lakshmana to Sita
Hanumana in Ravana's Court
Hanumana teaching lesson to Ravana in his court
End of Ravana
End of Ravana

On the north side wall, Twenty five panels depict the life of the Hindu god Krishna and the remaining forty five panels depict scenes from the epic Mahabharata. The panels of Krishna-lilas start with his birth in Kansaโ€™s prison and ends with end of Kansa in the hands of Krishna.

Krishna and Donkey Scene
Krishna and Donkey Scene
Bakasura and Krishna
Bakasura Scene
Vatsasura
Vatsasura Scene
Palambasura Scene
Pralambasura Scene
Kaliya Nag Scene
Kaliya Nag Scene
Goverdhan Mountain
Goverdhan Parvat(Mountain) Scene
End of Kansha
Krishna Killing Kansha
Kunti and Bhishma
Kunti seeking help from Bhishma
Lakshagraha Set Ablaze
Lakshagraha Burning
Draupati Swayamvar
Draupati Swayamvar
Khanadava Forest Ablaze
Fire in Khandava Forest

The large stone inscription near the porch contains poems composed by medieval Kannada poet Janna who had the honorific Kavichakravarti ( “emperor among poets”) .

Kannada Inscription
Epigraph – Kannada Inscription
Wall Sculptures
Wall Sculptures
Wall Art and Sculptures
Wall Art
Wall Sculpture and Art
Amazing Wall Sculptures at Amruteshvara Temple
Amruteshvara Temple View
Mesmerising View of Amruteshvara Temple
Great Art Amruteshvara Temple
Great Art at Amruteshvara Temple
Amruteshvara Temple Side VIew
Amruteshvara Temple Side VIew

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