final access modifier can be used for class, method and variables.

The main advantage of final access modifier is security no one can modify our classes, variables and methods.

The main disadvantage of final access modifier is we cannot implement oops concepts in java.

Ex : Inheritance, polymorphism.

final class :

A final class cannot be extended or subclassed.

We are preventing inheritance by marking a class as final. But we can still access the methods of this class by composition.

Ex: String class

final methods:

Method overriding is one of the important features in java.

But there are situations where we may not want to use this feature.

Then we declared method as final which will print overriding.

To allow a method from being overridden we use final access modifier for methods.

final variables :

If a variable is declared as final ,it behaves like a constant . We cannot modify the value of final variable.

Any attempt to modify the final variable results in compilation error. The error is as follows
“final variable cannot be assigned”.